1.) Effect of Chicken Manure on the Growth and Yield of Mulberry Plant in Caoayan, Sual, Pangasinan
4.) Natural Dyeing Technology Transfer in Banaue, Ifugao
5.) Silkworm Egg Quality as Affected by Coupling Duration and Rearing Season
6.) Quick Screening for Carcinogenic Amines by High Performance Liquid Chromatography
Effect of Chicken Manure on the Growth and Yield of Mulberry Plant in Caoayan, Sual, Pangasinan
Paul M. Bacuso, Arnold M. Inumpa, Pepito M. Toring, and Zoraida R. Espiritu
Abstract
A study to determine the effect of chicken manure on the growth and productivity of mulberry plants in a newly established plantation in Caoayan, Sual, Pangasinan was conducted. The study utilized the one year old plants in a 500 square meters within one hectare newly established plantation. The four paremeters namely; plant height, weight of whole shoot, weight of pure leaves per tree and number of leaves per plant were used to evaluate the effect of chicken manure. The results on all the four parameters indicated that chicken manure is an effective side dressing for better growth and development of mulberry plants, thus resulting to higher leaf yield.
Maria Trisette E. Caliwara and Zenaida I. de Guzman
Abstract
Geotrichum sp. and Bacillus sp. were isolated from pineapple (Ananas comosus var. Formosa) and banna (Musa sapientum var. Cavendish) fibers. Pure culture of the isolates were used to degum said fibers at various conditions of materials-liquor ratio (LR) and nutrient additive. The efficacy of the microorganisms as retting agents was evaluated based on their degumming capability towards the fiber as indicated by the treated fiber's residual gum content and tensile strength. Lab-scale degumming of the microorganisms for pineapple fiber with variations in LR, showed that at 1:10, the fungal isolate of pineapple fiber was effective in reducing the gum content of the fiber by 6.73% with a 9.77% increase in tensile strength. Addition of urea as nutrient additive increased the efficiency of the fungal isolate in degumming the said fiber for it further reduced the gum content by 7.14%. For banana fiber, using urea and LR of 1:20, its bacterial isolate effected a 9.16% gum reduction with an 18.9% increase in the fiber's tensile strength.
The obtained gum reductions of the established microbial degumming for pineapple and banana fiber were still insufficient to meet the spinning requirements. Hence, a combined microbial-alkali degumming trial was conducted.
Marilou C. Forcadela and Virmila B. Alvarez
Abstract
A series of laboratory tests was conducted to determine the appropriate test conditions for moisture regain of cotton woven fabric using the moisture balance (MB) method. Parallel run with the oven-desiccator balance (OBD) method based on the American Society of Testing Materials (ASTM) was conducted. The established conditions for MB method were set at interval 1, and Heat Level 1 and temperature of 105oC.
The results were compared and validated with the results of ODB method. Using the t-test on paired data, results showed that there is no significant difference between the values obtained from the two methods at 0.05 level or 95% confidence level. Thus the established test conditions for moisture regain of cotton woven fabric using MB method gave the same values with that of the ODB method.
Findings revealed that the established test conditions are the most appropriate for standard cotton woven fabric, as statistically validated; and that the MB method could be used for moisture regain determination instead of the traditional ODB method to shorten the testing time from 5 hours to approximately 30 minutes. The above findings were confirmed only for the test fabric used. Further studies should be done using cotton fabrics of different construction and eventually fibers, yarns, & other blended fabrics.
Natural Dyeing Technology Transfer in Banaue, Ifugao
Julius L. Leaño, Jr.
Abstract
Cognizant of its mandate, the Philippine Textile Research Institute (PTRI) undertakes the transfer of its developed natural dyeing technology to interested adopters and intended beneficiaries. A technology transfer seminar was conducted in Banaue, Ifugao on October 7-9, 2003 for the members of the Federation of Banaue Women's Organization. The seminar included lectures, hands-on training, field assessments and discussions. Amist the innate skills in natural dyeing of the dyers, they were open to the infusion of the technology to their age-old dyeing practices. The conduct of the training on natural dyes was successful in the enhancement of the innate skills of the dyers, created awareness of the benefits derived from the use of natural dyes and diversified the product line of the weavers.
Silkworm Egg Quality as Affected by Coupling Duration and Rearing Season
Serenita S. Ompoy, Ronnie M. Liguan, Hernando P. Bacosa, and Zita L. Sanchez
Abstract
MO202 female moths were mated with K203 male parent breeds to determine the influence of coupling duration and rearing season in the production of F1 silkworm eggs. The study tested five coupling durations from 1 hour to 5 hours. Two trials each were carried out during the dry season and wet season. Results revealed that coupling duration does not influence the quality of laid silkworm eggs. Allowing the moths to mate once in 1 hour to 5 hours produced the same number of eggs per laying and fertilized eggs. Fecundity percentage does not vary among the five mating durations. On the other hand, dry season produced more fertilized eggs and total eggs per laying with lower fecundity, while wet season produced less fertilized and total number of eggs per laying with higher fecundity percentage.
Quick Screening for Carcinogenic Amines by High Performance Liquid Chromatography
Marina V. Reconose and Daisy C. Lopez
Abstract
Azo dyes may form amines upon cleavage of their azo groups. The banned azo dyes may therefore be detected via the carcinogenic amines that they produce. However, the published High Pressure Liquid Chromatography programs are time-consuming and/or use toxic eluants. A study to establish elution programs that can be finished at shorter time and with less health hazard was therefore started. Initial results showed that isocratic elution with neat methanol (MeOH) and MeOH:water (7:3) elute the 8 standard amines in less than 7 minutes, and indicated that these eluants are suitable for quick screening for those amines, with the latter as the better eluant.
