Hatchability and Cocoon Characteristics of Triple-cross F1 Silkworm Hybrids
Authors: Gerrylou Sweet M. Pia and Serenita S. Ompoy
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the cocoon characteristics of eight newly developed triple-cross F1 hybrids. Three rearing trials were conducted and the hatching percentage , number of cocoon per 500 grams, cocoon shell percentage, and filament length of each hybrid were determined. The values obtained were statistically analyzed and were also compared to the Philippine Textile Research Institute (PTRI) standard set for silkworm hybrids.
Five triple-cross hybrids passed the Philippine Textile Research Institute-Technology Center, Misamis Oriental (PTRI-TC, M.O.) standard for good hatching percentage, namely: PTRI SW-300, PTRI SW-301, PTRI SW-304, PTRI SW-306 and PTRI SW-307. As to the number of cocoons per 500 grams, only PTRI SW-301 passed the PTRI standard. For cocoon shell percentage, all hybrids, except hybrids PTRI SW-300 and PTRI SW-301, passed the PTRI standard. However, all eight did not meet the standard for filament length. Results showed no significant differences among the eight triple-cross hybrids in terms of hatching percentage, number of cocoons per 500 grams, cocoon shell percentage and filament length properties.
Although there may be no remarkable or superior qualities observed among the eight new hybrids that would compensate for the longer breeding process required to produce them, the aim to develop new triple-cross hybrids and determine the economic characteristics for future references were accomplished. Continued crossbreeding activities are therefore reccomended for other silkworm parent lines to develop better and promising silkworm hybrids.
Natural Dyes Technology Intervention to the T'nalak Weavers of Lake Sebu, South Cotabato
Author: Julius L.Leano Jr.
Abstract
The traditional dyeing practices on the tinalak of the T'boli weavers in Lake Sebu, South Cotabato was assessed to suit the proposed intervention, The evaluation revealed the low productivity and lack of systematic dyeing procedure which often compromised the quality of the dyed materials. in addition to the still existent natural dyeing practices, the use of natural dyes was introduced. Having recognized it, the Philippine Textile Research institute introduced a technology, which sought to instill a more systematic, standard and scientific approach in dyeing abaca fibers and is akin to an age old tradition in natural dyeing. Fiber pre-treatment was introduced to clean and render a whiter appearance of the fibers prior to dyeing. Some of the local dye sources used include tungog (roots of Morinda citrifolia ), yellow ginger (rhizomes of Curcuma longga), and the native kinalum (leaves of Diospyrus sp.). The use of sibukao (wood of Ceasalpinnia sappan), talisay (leaves of Terminalia cattapa), annatto (seeds of Bixa orellana) and mahogany (Switeenia macrophylla King) was also introduced to obtain the much-desired red, black and orange and brown colors. Standardizing techniques of the local dye sources were likewise pursued.
The assimilation of the PTRI technology in natural dyeing was found to have increased the over all quality, and productivity and likewise improved the aesthetic appeal of the tinalak. These findings ascertained the successful intervention of PTRI in sharing the systematic process of natural dyeing in the T'boil weavers.
Comparative Evaluation of 25-m Skein and 80-m Skein Length in Yarn Shrinkage Determination
Authors: Rowena Caridad C. Jurado and Mirasol D. Pico
Abstract
The American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) D 2259 is the standard test method for yarn shrinkage. A 25-m skein length was compared to the standard 80-m skein for yarns shrinkage by the boiling water exposure using different types of yarn to save on time in sampling preparation and to lessen the tension weight used which is strenuous to the testing personnel.
The student's t-test for paired data was applied for the evaluation of the length. Results showed that the two skein lengths were not significantly different. Therefore, a 25-m can be used as a replacement for the 80-m skein length.
The Effect of Relative Humidity to Fabric Weight
Author: Rocelia A. Rafols
Abstract
The study is conducted to determine the effect of relative humidity (RH) to the mass or weight of woven fabrics made of pure cotton, polyester/cotton, and polyester/cotton/pina. The fabric weight or mass was measured at 60%, 65%, and 70% RH at the PTRI Testing Laboratoty in accordance with ISO 3801. Results revealed that there is no significant difference on the obtained fabric weights at different relative humidities.
PTRI Natural Dye Application Technology for the Upgrading of Ivatan Handicrafts Industry in Batanes
Author: Jenice O. Pagkalinawan
Abstract
The handicraft industry in Batanes pertaining to the production of souvenir woven products plays an important role in the emerging eco-tourism and cultural tourism programs of the province. Evaluation of the produced crafts revealed a need for improvement with regards to the design, packaging and visual appeal of the products. PTRI's established natural dye extraction and application technologies using yellow ginger (Curcuma longa), talisay (Terminalia catappa), young coconut (Cocos nucifera) and kogon (Imperata cylindrical) were introduced to the Ivatan handicraft producers through lecture and hands-on training/workshop using their endemic fibers pandan, vayasuvas, and voyavoy. The experience created knowlegde and know-how on new skills that could improve the quality and aesthetic value of their products. Likewise, the scouring and bleaching processes for fibers significantly benefited the fiber producers in maintaining good quality fibers. The intervention provided a more in-depth and efficient method for fiber processing and dyeing so strengthen the marketability of Batanes crafts hence, establishing a more globally competitive industry and at the same time supporting the promotion of eco-tourism in the province.
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